Saturday, May 15, 2021

What in the World is Critical Race Theory?

"Critical Race Theory" is apparently a facet of the governing philosophy of the Biden Administration; at least, it has been thus far.  Whether one agrees or not with the present trajectory of our country, it seems important that we understand this theory.  

The following is excerpted from that lecture delivered at Hillsdale College on March 30, 2021 by Christopher F. Rufo (1) and printed in Imprimis (a publication of Hillsdale College), March 2021, Vol. 50. 

"By the mid-1960s, Marxist intellectuals in the West had begun to acknowledge the failures of Marxism.  They recoiled at revelations of Soviet atrocities and came to realize that workers’ revolutions would never occur in Western Europe or the United States... [But] Marxist scholars in the West simply adapted their revolutionary theory to the social and racial unrest of the 1960s.  Abandoning Marx’s economic dialectic of capitalists and workers, they substituted race for class and sought to create a revolutionary coalition of the dispossessed based on racial and ethnic categories.  

Fortunately, the early proponents of this revolutionary coalition in the U.S. lost out in the 1960s to the civil rights movement, which sought instead the fulfillment of the American promise of freedom and equality under the law. Americans preferred the idea of improving their country to that of overthrowing it.  The vision of Martin Luther King, Jr., President Johnson’s pursuit of the Great Society, and the restoration of law and order promised by President Nixon in his 1968 campaign defined the post-1960s American political consensus. But the radical Left has proved resilient and enduring—which is where critical race theory comes in. 

WHAT IT IS: Critical race theory is an academic discipline, formulated in the 1990s, built on the intellectual framework of identity-based Marxism...  There are a series of euphemisms deployed by its supporters to describe critical race theory, including “equity,” “social justice,” “diversity and inclusion,” and “culturally responsive teaching.” Critical race theorists, masters of language construction, realize that “neo-Marxism” would be a hard sell.  Equity, on the other hand, sounds non-threatening and is easily confused with the American principle of equality. But the distinction is vast and important. Indeed, equality—the principle proclaimed in the Declaration of Independence, defended in the Civil War, and codified into law with the 14th and 15th Amendments, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the Voting Rights Act of 1965—is explicitly rejected by critical race theorists. To them, equality represents “mere nondiscrimination” and provides “camouflage” for white supremacy, patriarchy, and oppression... 

In contrast to equality, equity as defined and promoted by critical race theorists is little more than reformulated Marxism... An equity-based form of government would mean the end not only of private property, but also of individual rights, equality under the law, federalism, and freedom of speech. These would be replaced by race-based redistribution of wealth, group-based rights, active discrimination, and omnipotent bureaucratic authority. Historically, the accusation of “anti-Americanism” has been overused. But in this case, it’s not a matter of interpretation—critical race theory prescribes a revolutionary program that would overturn the principles of the Declaration and destroy the remaining structure of the Constitution." [what Obama called the remaking of America] 

(1) Christopher F. Rufo is founder and director of Battlefront, a public policy research center. He is a graduate of Georgetown University and a former Lincoln Fellow at the Claremont Institute for the Study of Statesmanship and Political Philosophy. As executive director at the Documentary Foundation, he has directed four films for PBS, including most recently America Lost, which explores life in Youngstown, Ohio, Memphis, Tennessee, and Stockton, California. He is also a contributing editor of City Journal, where he covers topics including critical race theory, homelessness, addiction, and crime.

You will find a much-expanded printing in the publication referenced above.  As a Christian and a disciple of Martin Luther King Jr., what I might add is that the identity-based politics of our current day is an anathema.  My identity is in Christ, not my race.  As St. Paul writes in Galatian 3:28,  "There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is no male and female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus."

Wednesday, May 12, 2021

Article XVII, "Of Predestination and Election,"

All us acorns are predestined to be oaks

 Except from CATHOLICISM, CALVINISM AND THE THIRTY-NINE ARTICLES

by Fr. Victor E. Novak    Special to virtueonline, www.virtueonline.orgAugust 10, 2012

Fr. Victor E. Novak is a priest of the Diocese of Mid-America, and the Rector of Holy Cross Anglican Church in Omaha, Nebraska. 

… Article XVII, "Of Predestination and Election," does not say a word about the Calvinist doctrine of double predestination, and ends by saying: "Furthermore, we must receive God's promises in such wise, as they be generally [meaning universally] set forth to us in Holy Scripture: and, in our doings, that Will of God is to be followed, which we have expressly declared unto us in the Word of God." God's promises are general, or universal, not particular and limited to the elect. Anglicanism does not believe that God predestines some men to salvation and others to eternal damnation.

What is the Anglican understanding of Predestination and Election? Anglican theologian Vernon Staley explains it this way: "Predestination does not mean that some souls are fore-ordained to eternal life, and others to eternal death, for there is no purpose of God to bring any man to eternal death. God 'will have all men to be saved, and to come unto the knowledge of the truth.'

"There is a purpose in everything, both in the order of nature and in that of grace. In the order of grace, Predestination corresponds to some extent with Providence in the order of nature. An acorn is naturally predestined to produce an oak, but it may fail to realize that purpose: all acorns do not produce oaks. If it does fail it misses its predestined end. So the soul is predestined to a life of grace and obedience here, leading to a life of glory hereafter; but it may fail, and miss the mark. If the laws which determine the germination and growth of an acorn are observed, the oak will be produced from it. In a like manner if the soul obeys God, and corresponds [cooperates] with his grace, it will come to eternal life. God who calls and elects, also bids us 'to make our calling and election sure'... Everyone is called to, and is capable of salvation, but God alone knows who will 'make their calling and election sure'" (The Catholic Religion, A Manual of Instruction for Members of the Anglican Communion; Vernon Staley, 1893, pp. 317-319).

Calvinists are monergists while Anglicans, like all Catholic Christians, are synergists. Calvinism teaches that grace ravishes the soul and is irresistible, while Anglicanism teaches that grace woos the soul and that man must cooperate freely with God's grace. God always acts first through prevenient grace, but man must cooperate with that grace. We are predestined, yet free.

Friday, May 7, 2021

Living life at a "Power Factor" of 1

I spent 31 years as an electrical engineer, specifically in the design and construction of power generation and transmission systems. With only a few exceptions, bulk power systems are “AC,” which stands for “alternating current.”  The 120/240 Volt system in your home is no exception.  AC means that electrical current flowing in a system reverses direction a number of times a second.  In North America, it does this 60 times a second (known as 60 Hertz power).  

One thing about AC power systems is that the electrical current is not always (and usually isn’t) aligned with the electrical voltage that is driving it; that is, the electrical current and electrical voltage reverse at different times.  The physics of this is such that only the portion of the current that is aligned with the voltage driving it is useful for doing work, such as providing torque in a motor or moving something electro-magnetically. The rest looks like it can deliver power, but in it cannot; in fact, engineers call this imaginary power.  The extent to which a system's electrical current is aligned with the voltage driving it is known as the system "power factor,"

Our lives are like this: It is only that portion of our lives aligned with God that are useful and can do the work of the Kingdom.  Since the Holy Spirit is the power of God at work our lives, it is only that portion of our lives that are aligned with the Holy Spirit that can produce real power for living.  The rest is an illusion, powerless, and in the end, amounts to nothing.  When current and voltage are perfectly aligned in a system, it is called a power factor of “1;” therefore, we can draw the interesting analogy that living life to the full is like living at a power factor of 1.

Fr. Rob